Analyze these slave trades and view interactive maps, timelines, and animations to see the dispersal in action. They forced millions of mostly unnamed Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas, and from one part of the Americas to another. European colonizers turned to Africa for enslaved laborers to build the cities and extract the resources of the Americas. This digital memorial raises questions about the largest slave trades in history and offers access to the documentation available to answer them. TransAtlantic Slave Trade Voyages, index.This collection corresponds with NARA microfilm publication M1913, Records of the Field Offices for the State of Virginia, Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865-1872. Virginia, Freedmen’s Bureau Field Office Records, 1865-1872.U.S., Freedmen’s Bureau Records of Field Offices, 1863-1878 index and images.Large Slaveholders of 1860 and African American Surname Matches from 1870, index.Index and images of birth registers compiled by the WPA. Virginia, Slave Birth Index, 1853-1866, index, incomplete.Gathered as part of a larger study of the origins of the free black population of Petersburg, these counties were home to many of the free people of color who later moved to and registered in Petersburg. Note that few records survive for this era from Dinwiddie, and Prince George Counties. Pre-1820 manumissions of individuals drawn from the extant deed and will books of Dinwiddie, Prince George, Chesterfield, Charles City, Isle of Wight, Southampton, Surry, and Sussex Counties. Court order or minute books and judgments may include freedom suits (court cases in which an enslaved person sued for his or her freedom). Deed books may contain deeds of manumission. Will books may include wills that state an owner’s intent to free slaves after he or she died. References to a slave obtaining his or her freedom may be found in a variety of records. Some slaves bought or were given their freedom. Once the name of the slave owner is determined, search his or her records, including the 18 federal census slave schedules, deeds and wills (for names, ages, owners, and possible emancipations), personal property tax records (for numbers of slaves), personal papers that may include lists of slaves and other information about them, church registers, and court order and minute books for cases that may involve slaves. Looking for slaveholders who lived near to where a formerly enslaved person lived in 1870, or slaveholders who owned slaves whose descriptions match those of the individuals for whom you are searching, may provide clues as to who the former slaveholder was. The 18 slave schedules that are a part of the federal census provide the names of slaveholders in a locality and the age, sex, and color of slaves. There is no statewide index to these records.Įagle Tavern Broadside showing sale of slaves If a slave died between 18, he or she may be included in the Bureau of Vital Statistics death records, along with the name of his or her owner. These records are indexed by the name of the owner, but the registers themselves may be reviewed if one knows the locality and approximate date that the individual was born. If an individual was born a slave between 18, he or she may be listed in Bureau of Vital Statistics birth records along with the name of the individual’s owner and mother. Some surnames changed between the end of slavery and 1870. Other former slaves had a surname while still enslaved, took the name of a previous owner, or simply chose a name. A former slave’s surname may be a hint because some former slaves took the surname of their former owner. References to enslaved individuals are most often found in the records of the slaveholder. To find information on an enslaved individual, the owner must be identified.
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